The following is a summary of solutions to common problems of laser cutting machines, organized in combination with multiple technical documents and industry practical experience, covering mechanical, optical, electrical and operation and maintenance and other aspects:

1. Cutting quality problems

1. Continuous cutting or rough incision

Check whether the laser power setting is too low, adjust the potentiometer or software power parameters.

Clean or replace contaminated/worn focusing lenses and reflective lenses to ensure that the light path is not offset.

Adjust the focal length to the best position and use the focus position test tool to calibrate.

Check the auxiliary gas purity (such as nitrogen or oxygen). If the pressure is insufficient, it needs to be adjusted to the recommended value.

2. Cut size deviation or graphic deformation

Calibrate the pulse equivalent of the numerical control system and adjust the step parameters in the software.

check whether the synchronous wheel screw is loose, the belt tension is appropriate, and tighten the mechanical parts.

If there is a loss of step during dynamic cutting, it is necessary to reduce the processing speed or check the stability of the motor driver.

3. Burr or abnormal spark

Replace the lost nozzle and optimize the gas pressure (such as stainless steel cutting to use nitrogen).

Check the laser focus position offset and recalibrate the optical path.

For highly reflective materials (such as aluminum and copper), use pulse perforation technology or add anti-reflection coating.

Second, mechanical and electrical failure

1. Abnormal machine movement (random walk, card)

Check the ground connection to eliminate static interference.

Test whether the motor shaft is broken, whether the synchronous wheel bearing is damaged, and replace the damaged parts in time.

Check the power supply voltage of the driver (usually 24-60V DC), and use a multimeter to check the stability of the switching power supply.

2. The laser does not produce light or power attenuation

Check whether the water circulation system is normal. If the water temperature exceeds 40 ° C, the cooling water needs to be replaced.

AIN and + 5V signal test of the short-connected laser power supply. If the light comes out, it is a potentiometer failure.

Replace the aging laser tube (if the light attenuation exceeds 20%) or the ignition part of the high-voltage line. Most faults can be solved by basic troubleshooting (such as cleaning the lens, checking the power supply). Complex problems need to be combined with equipment manuals and professional support. Regular maintenance can reduce sudden failures by 80%. For enterprise-level users, it is recommended to pay attention to the trend of intelligent equipment upgrades to enhance long-term competitiveness. For more detailed cases, please refer to the fault library of the International Metalworking Network.